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O deficiente intelectual e o mito da infância eterna | Instituto Apta

O deficiente intelectual e o mito da infância eterna

A deficiência intelectual é caracterizada por limitações significativas no funcionamento cognitivo da pessoa e no seu comportamento adaptativo – habilidades práticas, sociais e conceituais – originando-se antes dos 18 anos de idade de acordo com a definição do DSM-V (Manual de Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais 5.ª edição ou DSM-5 é um manual diagnóstico e estatístico feito pela Associação Americana de Psiquiatria para definir como é feito o diagnóstico de transtornos mentais. Usado por psicólogos, médicos e terapeutas ocupacionais.)

A tendência dos que convivem com a pessoa com D.I., por conta dessas características apontadas (bem como da imaturidade emocional), é a de alimentar a crença da eterna infância, mesmo tratando-se de indivíduos adolescentes ou adultos. Alimentados pela descrença na capacidade de aprendizagem, na elaboração de atividades infantilizadas, mecânicas, de baixa complexidade, são fatores que minam a autoestima e contribuem ainda mais para o atraso do desenvolvimento das pessoas com Deficiência Intelectual.

Estimular o interesse por assuntos pertinentes a faixa etária, além de facilitar a socialização também contribui para o desenvolvimento como um todo. Como exemplo, posso citar o seguinte desafio: quais estratégias devemos utilizar para incluir numa roda de amigos um aluno atípico adolescente que tem em seu repertório APENAS personagens de desenhos infantis como Pepa Pig? Tarefa extremamente complicada, não é?

Incentivar a pessoa com DI a conhecer novos assuntos, estimular suas potencialidades, a exploração de novas possibilidades, a interação com o outro, o convite a externar opiniões e desejos são forma de exercitar esse crescimento.

 

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